NAIL DISEASES AND DISORDERS

Check Hand/Feet and skin Condition before rendering service

(Please refer to the nail conditions and diseases chart)

NAIL DISEASES AND DISORDERS

Onychosis refers to any disease, disorder or condition of the nails.

Having knowledge about infections caused by bacteria will prevent the spread of infectious diseases, preserve the health of the cosmetologist and the patron and appreciate the value of proper sanitation.

Pus is the yellowish fluid that oozes from the wound. It is a sign of infection. White blood cells attack the bacteria and consume them. The pus contains blood cells, body cells and dead and living bacteria. Bacteria may invade the body through cuts, scratches or punctures in the skin or through any of the body openings.

Fungi are plant organisms that live on dead, decaying or living matter. Some fungi are capable of causing serious infections but some are harmful and beneficial.

Diseases may be considered contagious or non-contagious. A disease becomes contagious or communicable when it spreads from one person to another by direct or indirect contact. Some of the common contagious diseases are tuberculosis, common cold, ringworm, scabies, head lice, and virus infections. Coughing, sneezing, unclean hands, eating utensils and salon equipment play a role in spreading diseases. Diseases that are not able to be spread from person to person are considered as non-contagious. Genetic diseases, cancers, mental disorders, autoimmune diseases and heart disease are some of the many diseases that aren't contagious.

Sterilization is the process whereby microorganisms are destroyed. Equipment and tools found in salon are needed to be sterilized. Sanitizing or sanitation refers to the physical or chemical means used to keep the salon and its equipment as clean and free of germs as possible in order to protect the health of the public.

A. Nail Disorders

Nail Disorders – are condition caused by injury to the nails, diseases or imbalances in the body.

Bluish Nails Appear blue in color which reveals that body is not getting enough oxygen. This also indicates infection in the lungs, such as pneumonia. Some heart problems can also be associated with bluish nails.

It is recommended to see a physician but can also be given manicure with care and light pressure.

Bruised nail The result of trauma to the nail plate. This causes injury to nail, blood becomes trapped under nail. There is discoloration under the nail

This can be treated by not applying pressure on nail plate.

Corrugations Wavy ridges caused by uneven growth of the nails, usually the result of illness or injury.

It is recommended to buff the nails carefully to help remove or minimize the ridges.

Hangnails Split cuticles; loose skin separates from the cuticle. This is caused by dry cuticle and environment.This may be trimmed with cuticle nippers, moisturize and apply cuticle oil.

Koilonychia or Spoon Nails

Nails with a concave shape usually caused through iron deficiency anemia. These nails show raised ridges and are thin and concave.

It is recommended to file nails carefully with no pressure and use nail polish to harden and protect nail.

Leuconychia A condition in which white spots appear on the nails but do not indicate disease and as the nails grow, these white spots eventually disappear.

The white spots on the fingernail will gradually diminish if you start taking zinc in daily food.

Limit the usage of nail enamels and polish to certain occasions.

Onychorrhexis or Split / brittle Nails

Caused by injury to the finger, improper filing or exposure to harsh chemicals. Dry, brittle nails have revealed thyroid

It is recommended to soften nails before trimming and use daily moisturizers or have oil manicures.

Onychauxis An overgrowth of the nail, usually in thickness rather than length caused by a local infection and can also be hereditary. This condition may be given nail services if infection is not present.

File the nail smooth and buff with pumice powder.

Onychatrophia An atrophy or wasting away of the nail plate which causes it to lose its luster, become smaller and sometimes shed entirely. Injury or disease may account for this irregularity.

File the nail smooth with the fine side of the emery board. Protect your hands from over exposure to water, detergents, and other chemicals.

Onychophagy or Bitten Nails

Caused by nervous habit and stress related. it is a sign of persistent anxiety that could benefit from treatment. This has also been linked to obsessive - compulsive It is recommended that the client receives frequent manicure. Do not bite your nails.

Pterygium The inward advance of skin over the nail plate. This results in the loss of the nail plate due to the development of scar tissue. Cortisone is used to prevent the advancement of scar tissue.

Never attempt to remove pterygium, instead, consult a physician for advice and treatment. It is also suggested to have oil manicures.

Glittering Ideas

Clients with a nail disorder may receive a service unless infection is present.

Recommendations:

Nail Conditions: Please refer to the chart for recommended service to the Client.

Contagious Nail Disorders: DO NOT render nail care services. Please refer to dermatologist.

Broken Skin/bones: DO NOT render nail care services. Please refer to physician.

Onychia/ Paronychia: DO NOT render nail care services. Please refer to podiatrist.

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